Ld még 195
Ezt a there-t - amely nem azonos a there határozószóval - olyankor használjuk, amikor mindössze
valaminek a létezését állítjuk:
Look into my bag; there's a surprise for you there
létezést Helyhatározó:
kifejező there ott
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A there-rel |
(1) a BE ige + alany, vagy |
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(2) [ritkábban] a BE ige + alany + igei szerkezet, |
vagy |
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(3) [ritkán, irodalmi stílusban] valamely egyéb ige áll együtt. |
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A there melletti BE:
(a) Gyakorlatilag minden igeidőben és segédigékkel is állhat:
there has never been another town like this
there must be another
town like this
there ought to be another
town like this
there might be another town like this
there
could have been another
town like this
(b) Egyéb
igékhez kapcsolódhat to-igeneves vagy pőreigeneves alakban is:
There's
going to be a fight
There appears to be a
fight
I don't want
there to be a fight
Let there be light
(c) Használatos inges
alakban, elöljárókkal is:
She insisted on there being a trial
There being a civil
war, a curfew had to be imposed
What's the chance of there being enough fuel?
(d) Nyelvtanilag e mondatok igazi alanya a there:
(i)Kérdésben helyet cserél a funkcióigével.
ld 46
There's
no more cheese — Is
there any more cheese?
Has
there ever been another town like this?
(ii) Az utókérdésben (ld
191) azt ismételjük meg.
There's no chese left, is there?
(Gondoljunk az It's not cheese, is it? mondatra: ennek az alanya az it
névmás)
(e) Sajátos
szerkezet a there is / there was no -ing 'nem lehet' illetve 'nehéz'
értelemben:
There was no denying
the result
Saci is such a strange person; there's no knowing
what she's up to
There was no saying why
he had done it
There
was no telling why he had done it
There's
no arguing with my boss
(f) A there is no helyett sokszor no-t használ a modul-nyelv (pl. újságcímekben)
ld 116
NO EASY WAY OUT [ = there is no easy way out]
Hasonló
szerkezet a No milk
today [= there is / will be no milk today]
There's a man
standing in the doorway
[= There's a man AND he's /WHO is standing];
There's a bird sitting on the swing
There were noises coming from the pantry
There were
children sitting and playing everywhere
live exist stand lie remain
enter
occur follow come rise
In
the same town, there lived two wicked brothers
There may come a time
when the south will be rich, and the north poor
Shortly after the revolution, there also occurred
a change in taste
(4) Ritka, választékos, könyvszagú szerkezet a there
+ passzív BE + 3. alak.
After the closing ceremony there was given a
magnificent reception